英文原文
Seva: The Dharma of Volunteering – Insight Meditation Center
Seva: The Dharma of Volunteering
Seva: The Dharma of Volunteering
Posted December 7, 2024 by Gil Fronsdal
Some years ago, early in IMC’s growth, I asked if anyone was interested in volunteering for our center. To my surprise, many people expressed a strong interest. While I was happy with the reply, I was troubled that we did not have enough volunteer roles to meet the big interest. I knew from personal experience that volunteering at a Buddhist center can be a significant form of Dharma practice and a means for a deeper connection to a Dharma community. I was sorry we could not provide the opportunity to all of those who were interested. Since then, IMC has grown in many ways and many directions. Today we have some 150 volunteers and an over-abundance of volunteering opportunities.
In the context of a Buddhist community, volunteering is a freely given gift of one’s time and labor that supports people’s ability to learn and practice the Dharma, and develop supportive practice relationships with others in the community. The Buddhist word for “volunteering” is seva, meaning “support,” “service,” and “assistance.” The English word, “volunteering” reminds us how we serve, i.e., freely from generosity. The Buddhist word, “seva” emphasizes that volunteering is for the sake of benefiting others selflessly.
There is a dynamic interplay between developing one’s wholesome qualities as a volunteer and volunteering in unselfish ways. This interaction makes volunteering an invaluable arena for Dharma practice. The selfless part of volunteering does not mean we can’t personally benefit; it means we learn to let go of unhealthy attachments and unwholesome motivations while growing in wholesome inner qualities and healthy forms of community kinship. Growing in joy, happiness, goodwill, wisdom, and freedom are some of the personal benefits of volunteering.
Often, wholesome and unwholesome motivations for volunteering coexist. Genuine goodwill, gratitude, and generosity can be entangled in perfectionism and performance anxiety, attachments to productivity, and the need to prove one’s worth. The joy of service can be eclipsed by concerns with praise or blame. Selfless service can be accompanied—almost invisibly—by expectations of rewards.
One reason mindfulness, while volunteering, brings great benefit, is revealing these mixed motivations. By seeing them clearly, we can appreciate and participate with what is wholesome and learn to understand, put aside, or let go of the unwholesome. It is unnecessary to dwell on shame or embarrassment for our unwholesome motivations; their presence can inspire us to be mindful with honesty, wisdom, and non-reactivity. Surprisingly, non-reactive mindfulness of what is unwholesome supports the growth of what is wholesome.
Mindfulness can also reveal when volunteering becomes stressful. Viewing stress with careful and caring mindfulness allows us to question its value. Is it necessary? What do we believe to be true that raises stress? Can volunteering tasks be done with ease?
It is best not to view stress as bad; it is much better to view it as an avenue for understanding ourselves better. What emotions underly stress? What fears fuel it? What shifts when we acknowledge and bring stress under the gaze of mindfulness? If the stress is strong enough, it can be invaluable to take time to meditate. Meditation might allow us to settle sufficiently to touch into a sense of ease, generosity, and kindness. To return to volunteering with this ease is an essential part of Buddhist practice.
Giving time and expression to our wholesome states of mind and heart is one way these states grow. Acting on wise generosity can spread the warmth of generosity throughout our being. Allowing goodwill to accompany volunteering is good for our own heart. Having the wisdom not to participate in stress strengthens our wisdom. When volunteering is seen as a form of Buddhist practice, volunteers might benefit more than those they serve.
Volunteering for a Dharma center can provide many opportunities to learn from the way other practitioners serve the community. Witnessing how others can be kind, compassionate, caring, and easeful in their volunteer work can teach us how we can do the same. Observing practitioners respond wisely and non-reactively to challenging situations can inspire us to see challenges as practice opportunities from which we should not shy away. Watching how more experienced practitioners communicate with respect, friendliness, and mindfulness can teach us to do the same. Being a volunteer provides many opportunities to learn from other community members.
A Buddhist community is not made up only of angels. Because those of us who are not angels need the Dharma, they should be welcomed into the community. This means that not all social interactions in the community will be easy or pleasant. Sometimes, these interactions can be challenging. However, they are invaluable for our practice. If we only volunteer when everyone is on their best behavior, we won’t learn about our reactivity and how to become free of our reactivity. We will be shortchanging ourselves in the practice. While challenging interactions will occur in a Buddhist center, hopefully, the center’s culture helps us feel safe enough to practice with the challenges.
Even if we make mistakes in these interpersonal challenges or with our volunteer tasks, mistakes are an occasion to learn; they are not for self-recrimination. We can learn what contributed to our mistakes and how to do better in the future. In a sense, Buddhism is forward-looking, so we are not weighed down by what was done in the past, whether an hour ago, a week ago, or years ago. We focus on past events just enough to learn from them so we can focus on moving forward with more wisdom and less reactivity.
By meditating every day, or at least before volunteering, we can learn how to start fresh with each volunteering occasion. If we volunteered poorly yesterday, that belongs to yesterday. Today can provide the delight of getting to try again. Approaching each volunteer task as another inspiring chance to grow in the Dharma can add meaning and purpose to every task. It can inspire us to discover how to find our inner freedom in whatever we do.
By offering seva, or “support,” in community with other practitioner-volunteers, we can experience the joy of being in the company of people who are doing their best to live the Dharma, i.e., to live with the values, purpose, and fruit of Dharma practice. Perhaps the greatest gift of a volunteer is their example of doing their best to practice with whatever circumstances bring; perfection is not needed.
Volunteering at IMC
Everyone is welcome to volunteer at IMC in any way they can, however small or large, for as long as it works for them. It is a rewarding way to become more deeply connected to the IMC community. If interested, you can fill out a volunteer form on the volunteer page of IMC’s website or by emailing IMC.VolunteerDirector@gmail.com
中文翻译
Seva：志愿服务的佛法——内观禅修中心
Seva：志愿服务的佛法
Seva：志愿服务的佛法
发布于2024年12月7日，作者Gil Fronsdal
几年前，在IMC发展初期，我问是否有人有兴趣为我们的中心做志愿者。令我惊讶的是，许多人表达了浓厚的兴趣。虽然我对这个回答感到高兴，但我很困扰，因为我们没有足够的志愿者角色来满足这种巨大的兴趣。我从个人经验中知道，在佛教中心做志愿者可以是一种重要的佛法修行形式，也是与佛法社区建立更深联系的一种方式。我很抱歉我们无法为所有感兴趣的人提供机会。从那时起，IMC在许多方面和许多方向上都有所发展。今天，我们有大约150名志愿者和丰富的志愿服务机会。
在佛教社区的背景下，志愿服务是自愿奉献时间和劳动的一种礼物，支持人们学习和实践佛法，并与社区中的其他人发展支持性的修行关系。佛教中“志愿服务”的词是seva，意思是“支持”、“服务”和“帮助”。英语单词“volunteering”提醒我们如何服务，即出于慷慨而自愿。佛教词汇“seva”强调志愿服务是为了无私地利益他人。
作为志愿者发展自己的善巧品质与以无私方式志愿服务之间存在动态的相互作用。这种互动使志愿服务成为佛法修行的一个宝贵领域。志愿服务的无私部分并不意味着我们不能个人受益；它意味着我们学会放下不健康的执着和不善的动机，同时增长内在的善巧品质和健康的社区亲情形式。增长喜悦、幸福、善意、智慧和自由是志愿服务的一些个人益处。
通常，志愿服务的善巧和不善动机并存。真诚的善意、感恩和慷慨可能与完美主义和表现焦虑、对生产力的执着以及证明自己价值的需要纠缠在一起。服务的喜悦可能被对赞扬或责备的担忧所掩盖。无私的服务可能伴随着——几乎看不见的——对回报的期望。
志愿服务时正念带来巨大益处的一个原因是揭示这些混合动机。通过清晰地看到它们，我们可以欣赏并参与善巧的部分，并学会理解、放下或舍弃不善的部分。没有必要为我们的不善动机而陷入羞耻或尴尬；它们的存在可以激励我们以诚实、智慧和非反应性的方式保持正念。令人惊讶的是，对不善的非反应性正念支持善巧的增长。
正念还可以揭示志愿服务何时变得有压力。以仔细和关怀的正念看待压力，使我们能够质疑其价值。它是必要的吗？我们相信什么导致压力增加？志愿服务任务能否轻松完成？
最好不要将压力视为坏事；最好将其视为更好地理解自己的途径。压力背后是什么情绪？什么恐惧助长了它？当我们承认并将压力置于正念的注视下时，会发生什么变化？如果压力足够强烈，花时间冥想可能是无价的。冥想可能使我们足够安定，触及轻松、慷慨和善良的感觉。带着这种轻松回到志愿服务是佛教修行的重要组成部分。
给予时间和表达我们心灵和内心的善巧状态是这些状态增长的一种方式。基于智慧的慷慨行动可以将慷慨的温暖传播到我们的整个存在。让善意伴随志愿服务对我们自己的心灵有益。拥有不参与压力的智慧增强了我们的智慧。当志愿服务被视为一种佛教修行形式时，志愿者可能比他们服务的人受益更多。
为佛法中心做志愿者可以提供许多机会，从其他修行者服务社区的方式中学习。见证他人在志愿者工作中如何善良、慈悲、关怀和轻松，可以教会我们如何做同样的事情。观察修行者如何明智和非反应性地应对挑战性情况，可以激励我们将挑战视为不应回避的修行机会。观看更有经验的修行者如何以尊重、友好和正念的方式沟通，可以教会我们做同样的事情。作为一名志愿者，提供了许多向其他社区成员学习的机会。
佛教社区不仅仅由天使组成。因为我们这些不是天使的人需要佛法，他们应该被欢迎进入社区。这意味着并非社区中的所有社交互动都会轻松或愉快。有时，这些互动可能具有挑战性。然而，它们对我们的修行是无价的。如果我们只在每个人都表现最佳时才做志愿者，我们将无法了解自己的反应性以及如何摆脱反应性。我们将在修行中亏待自己。虽然挑战性互动会在佛教中心发生，但希望中心的文化帮助我们感到足够安全，以应对挑战进行修行。
即使我们在这些人际挑战或志愿者任务中犯错，错误也是学习的机会；它们不是为了自责。我们可以学习是什么导致了我们的错误，以及未来如何做得更好。在某种意义上，佛教是前瞻性的，所以我们不会被过去所做的事情所拖累，无论是一小时前、一周前还是几年前。我们只关注过去事件，足以从中学习，以便我们能够专注于以更多智慧和更少反应性向前迈进。
通过每天冥想，或至少在志愿服务前冥想，我们可以学会如何在每次志愿服务场合重新开始。如果我们昨天志愿服务做得不好，那属于昨天。今天可以提供再次尝试的喜悦。将每个志愿者任务视为另一个在佛法中成长的鼓舞人心的机会，可以为每个任务增添意义和目的。它可以激励我们发现如何在所做的一切中找到内在的自由。
通过与其他修行者志愿者一起在社区中提供seva或“支持”，我们可以体验到与那些尽力活出佛法的人为伴的喜悦，即活出佛法修行的价值观、目的和果实。也许志愿者最大的礼物是他们尽力在无论什么情况下修行的榜样；完美并不需要。
在IMC做志愿者
欢迎每个人以任何方式在IMC做志愿者，无论大小，只要适合他们。这是一种更有深度地连接到IMC社区的回报丰厚的方式。如果有兴趣，您可以在IMC网站的志愿者页面上填写志愿者表格，或通过电子邮件联系IMC.VolunteerDirector@gmail.com。
文章概要
本文以“Seva：志愿服务的佛法”为主题，探讨了中年佛教徒如何通过志愿服务（seva）实践佛法，促进心灵成长。文章从个人经验出发，描述了志愿服务在佛教社区中的重要性，强调其作为无私服务（seva）的意义，旨在利益他人并发展内在善巧品质。作者指出，志愿服务中善巧与不善动机常共存，正念有助于揭示和转化这些动机，将压力视为自我理解的途径。文章还讨论了从其他修行者学习、应对挑战性互动以及从错误中成长的价值，鼓励以冥想和轻松心态参与志愿服务，将其视为佛法修行的宝贵机会，最终实现内在自由和社区连接。
高德明老师的评价
用12岁初中生可以听懂的语音来重复翻译的内容
这篇文章就像在说，做志愿者帮助别人，比如在佛教中心打扫卫生或教课，不只是干活儿，它其实是一种特别的修行方式，叫“seva”，意思是无私的服务。做的时候，你可能会有点紧张或想得到表扬，但如果你用心观察自己的感觉（这叫正念），就能变得更开心、更聪明，还能交到好朋友。即使遇到困难或犯错，也没关系，因为每次都是新的开始，可以学到东西，让自己变得更自由和快乐。
佛学的各个宗派视角评价，突出《显密圆通成佛心要集》的视角
从佛学宗派视角看，本文强调的志愿服务（seva）与大乘佛教的利他精神高度契合，尤其符合显宗如禅宗和净土宗对日常修行中慈悲实践的重视。在密宗视角下，seva可视为一种方便法门，通过服务众生积累资粮，但本文更偏向显宗的普世应用。《显密圆通成佛心要集》强调显密融合的修行心要，从这一视角评价，seva作为志愿服务，体现了显宗“诸恶莫作，众善奉行”的戒律基础，同时蕴含密宗“即事而真”的智慧，将平凡服务转化为成佛之道。准提法作为显密圆通的法门，其优点在于简易直接，seva类似地，让中年修行者在志愿服务中直观修心，无需复杂仪轨，即可培养菩提心，这与准提法“三密相应”中身口意的净化相呼应，突出在显宗框架下融入密宗实践的精髓。
在修行实践上可以应用的和可以解决人们的十个问题。
在修行实践上，志愿服务（seva）可以应用于培养慈悲心、增强正念、减少自我执着，并解决人们的十个问题：1. 缓解中年孤独感，通过社区连接找到归属；2. 减轻生活压力，将志愿服务转化为放松和冥想的延伸；3. 提升自我价值感，从无私服务中获得内在满足；4. 改善人际关系，学习从其他修行者榜样中沟通与包容；5. 克服完美主义，接受错误作为成长机会；6. 增强情绪调节能力，用正念应对挑战性互动；7. 培养耐心和毅力，在长期服务中修行；8. 减少焦虑和恐惧，通过服务行动转化负面情绪；9. 促进智慧增长，从实践经验中领悟佛法真谛；10. 实现内在自由，在志愿服务中发现生活的意义和目的，准提法的简易性为此提供了支持，让修行融入日常。