英文原文
The secular Buddhist approach to managing money wisely — as taught in Sutra “We need to have some kind of system for measuring how we consume, produce, and share. So there will always be money in any complex society. And any human who wants to pay the rent has to learn the rules of budgeting,” says Ethan Nichtern, a renowned Buddhist teacher. His words remind us that although accumulating wealth is no path to happiness, everyone – including lay or secular Buddhists – need to thrive in society, meeting their needs such as food and housing, but even to save for a rainy day. Making and spending money itself isn’t a problem in secular Buddhism. Only an excessive love of money, attachments, greed and craving — or just an inability to manage it wisely — are obstacles to the Buddhist Path, and the way of happiness. Teachings from the Sigalovada Sutra One of the definitive works when it comes to practical advice on how to live a householder’s life (i.e. a non-monastic Buddhist), and manage money is the Sigalovada Sutra — which counsels lay Buddhists on a host of daily matters, including money, work, saving, family responsibilities. Concerning money management, the sutra recommends that one’s earnings be divided into four. “One part should be enjoyed, two parts invested in a business, and the fourth set aside against future misfortunes.” Interestingly, quite a large percentage is set aside for investment or entrepreneurship. The sutra recommends investment (or income that lies beyond a salary) — not just living exclusively off monthly pay. By removing the “stress” and suffering of financial woes, the lay Buddhist is better able to practice generosity, right livelihood — a precept —and ethics. Financial security reduces the pressure to generate negative karma. Living within our means help us follow the Eightfold Path The sutra does not refer to credit. Indeed, its rules assume that you will have enough both to meet monthly expenses and set aside a significant amount for future security and investments. Or course in modern times, debt is very much a fact of life. What the sutra shows us is how to live within our means to allow us to follow the Buddhist Precepts, the rules of abstinence from taking life, taking what is not given, unchastity, false speech, and so on. We can look to The Buddhist Eightfold Path, which provides our core teachings to reduce or eliminate suffering. These include Right Mindfulness – which encourages us to remain mindful of the “Dhammas” or teachings that are beneficial to the path — including, in the Sigalovada Sutra, to spend wisely and mindfully. Thus, we might draft a budget, use modern apps like Mint or PocketGuard to identify potential excess expenditure, and look at credit in a mindful manner too. Instead of choosing the first credit card they see, mindful spending would involve analyzing different options and opting for credit cards with lower interest or more favorable terms as a whole. Right Livelihood and Right Effort In Right Livelihood and Right Effort, two practices explained in the Eightfold Path, we are encouraged to live honestly, and to live happily with what they have. This can help avoid excessive cravings for luxury and the temptation to gain possessions in an unlawful or selfish manner. The concept of Right Livelihood goes further, encouraging us to shun extreme materialism and to exercise generosity with those in need. The idea that we should live in a minimalistic fashion is more a monastic ideal, than a Buddhist concept, which is made clear in sutras dedicated to secular Buddhist living. Money and working and lay lifestyle is not prohibited; what is discouraged is greed, attachments and the unethical conduct that arises because of them. As long as lay practitioners and their business ventures are mindful and have an honest basis, there is nothing wrong with saving for a good future. Buddhists can appreciate ancient sutras while making their way through the modern world with all its conveniences – including handy apps that can keep them on the right track!
中文翻译
世俗佛教的明智理财之道——如佛经所教 著名佛教导师伊桑·尼赫滕说：“我们需要某种系统来衡量我们如何消费、生产和分享。因此，在任何复杂的社会中，金钱总是存在的。任何想要支付租金的人都必须学习预算规则。” 他的话提醒我们，虽然积累财富不是通往幸福的道路，但每个人——包括在家或世俗佛教徒——都需要在社会中茁壮成长，满足食物和住房等需求，甚至为雨天储蓄。在世俗佛教中，赚钱和花钱本身并不是问题。只有对金钱的过度热爱、执着、贪婪和渴望——或者只是无法明智地管理金钱——才是佛教道路和幸福之路的障碍。 《善生经》的教义 关于如何过在家生活（即非僧侣佛教徒）和管理金钱的权威著作之一是《善生经》——它为在家佛教徒提供了许多日常事务的建议，包括金钱、工作、储蓄、家庭责任。关于财务管理，该经建议将收入分为四部分。“一部分应用于享受，两部分投资于事业，第四部分留作未来不幸之用。”有趣的是，相当大比例的资金被留作投资或创业之用。该经建议投资（或超出工资的收入）——而不仅仅是完全依赖月薪生活。通过消除财务困境的“压力”和痛苦，在家佛教徒能够更好地实践慷慨、正命——一条戒律——和道德。财务安全减少了产生负面业力的压力。 量入为出帮助我们遵循八正道 该经没有提及信贷。事实上，其规则假设你将有足够的资金来支付每月开支，并为未来的安全和投资留出大量资金。当然，在现代，债务是生活中非常现实的一部分。该经向我们展示的是如何量入为出，以便我们能够遵循佛教戒律，即戒除杀生、偷盗、邪淫、妄语等规则。 我们可以参考佛教八正道，它提供了减少或消除痛苦的核心教义。其中包括正念——鼓励我们保持对“法”或有益于道路的教义的觉知——包括在《善生经》中，明智和觉知地消费。因此，我们可能会制定预算，使用像Mint或PocketGuard这样的现代应用程序来识别潜在的过度支出，并以觉知的方式看待信贷。而不是选择他们看到的第一张信用卡，觉知消费将涉及分析不同的选项，并选择利率较低或整体条件更优惠的信用卡。 正命和正精进 在八正道中解释的两种修行——正命和正精进中，我们被鼓励诚实生活，并满足于所拥有的。这有助于避免对奢侈品的过度渴望以及以非法或自私方式获取财产的诱惑。正命的概念更进一步，鼓励我们摒弃极端物质主义，并对有需要的人施以慷慨。 我们应该以极简方式生活的想法更多是僧侣的理想，而不是佛教概念，这在专门针对世俗佛教生活的经文中很清楚。金钱、工作和在家生活方式并不被禁止；不鼓励的是贪婪、执着以及由此产生的不道德行为。只要在家修行者和他们的商业冒险是觉知的并有诚实的基础，为美好未来储蓄并没有错。佛教徒可以欣赏古代经文，同时在现代世界中前行，利用所有便利——包括可以帮助他们保持在正确轨道上的便捷应用程序！
文章概要
本文探讨了佛教如何以慈悲心指导财务规划，重点基于《善生经》的教义。文章指出，佛教并不反对金钱本身，而是反对贪婪、执着和不善管理。经中建议将收入分为四部分：一份用于享受，两份用于投资，一份储蓄以备不时之需，强调投资和财务安全的重要性。通过遵循八正道中的正念、正命和正精进，佛教徒可以明智消费、诚实工作、量入为出，从而减少财务压力，实践慷慨，避免负面业力。文章结合现代工具如预算应用程序，展示了古老智慧在现代生活中的应用，鼓励在家修行者在满足生活需求的同时，保持道德和觉知，实现财务与灵性的平衡。
高德明老师的评价
用12岁初中生可以听懂的语音来重复翻译的内容 这篇文章就像在教我们怎么用零花钱一样酷！它说，钱不是坏东西，但如果我们太贪心或者乱花钱，就会不开心。佛教老师告诉我们，可以把赚来的钱分成四份：一份用来买喜欢的东西，两份存起来做大事（比如开个小店），还有一份留着应急。这样我们就不会为钱发愁，还能帮助别人。用手机APP记记账，选便宜的信用卡，都是好办法。关键是，要诚实工作，知足常乐，这样生活就会更幸福！ 佛学的各个宗派视角评价，突出《显密圆通成佛心要集》的视角 从佛学宗派视角看，本文体现了大乘佛教的入世精神，特别是《显密圆通成佛心要集》所强调的“即事而真”理念。该集融合显密，主张在日常生活中修行成佛，财务规划正是此理念的实践。显宗视角下，《善生经》的教导属于声闻乘的在家戒律，但大乘佛教如华严宗、天台宗将其提升为菩萨行的基础，财务安全被视为修习六度（如布施、持戒）的保障。密宗如准提法，则通过咒语和观想净化财务执著，将谋生转化为曼荼罗的坛城事业。整体上，本文的慈悲理财观契合《显密圆通成佛心要集》的圆融思想，显示财务规划可以是显教戒律与密教方便的结合，促进自他二利。 在修行实践上可以应用的和可以解决人们的十个问题。 在修行实践上，本文的慈悲理财观可应用于解决人们的十个问题：1. 财务焦虑：通过四分配法减少压力，提升心安。2. 消费冲动：正念消费帮助控制欲望，避免浪费。3. 职业迷茫：正命指导选择道德职业，增强意义感。4. 储蓄困难：投资和储蓄计划培养长远眼光。5. 人际关系紧张：慷慨布施改善社交，积累福德。6. 业力负担：诚实财务减少负面业力，促进善缘。7. 灵性懈怠：财务安全提供修行时间，支持禅修。8. 现代工具依赖：结合APP保持觉知，不迷失科技。9. 家庭责任：平衡家庭与修行，实现和谐生活。10. 成佛障碍：将财务转化为菩提资粮，加速证悟。准提法的优点在于其简便高效，通过持咒可快速净化财务业力，增强智慧与财富自在，适合忙碌现代人，将日常理财升华为密法修行。